DIRECTORY OF LANGUAGES*

The following table lists some of the ethnic peoples living in the United States, with links to additional information if available.

This list is alphabetized by Language.
See also the list alphabetized by Country.

LANGUAGE	COUNTRY(IES)
Achi	Guatemala
Adangme	Ghana
Adele	Ghana
Afrikaans	South Africa, Zimbabwe, Malawi
Aguacateco	Guatemala
Aiku	New Guinea
Akan	Ghana
Albanian	Albania
Algonquin	USA, Canada
Amharic (aka Ethiopian)	Ethopia
Amoy (aka Fukienese)	Taiwan, China
Apache	Native American (USA)
Arabic	An official language of Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanan, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, and the Republic of Yemen.
Aramaic	Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Georgia, Lebanon, Palestine, Russia, Syria and Turkey
Araucanian	Chile
Arawak	Guyana
Armenian	Armenia
Assamese	India
Aukan	Suriname
Awadhi	India
Aymara	Bolivia, Peru
Azerbaijani	Iran, Azerbaijan
Baharlu (dialect of	Iran (17.2 percent of the population speak Azerbaijani) Azerbaijani)
Balante	Guinea-Bissau
Balinese	Indonesia
Baluchi	Iran, Pakistan
Bambara	Mali
Bamun	Cameroon
Basaa	Cameroon
Basaar (also known as Ntcham)	Togo
Basque	Spoken by the Basque people in Spain and France.
Baule	Cote d' Ivoire
Belorussian	Belorussia
Bemba	Zambia
Bengali	Bangladesh, India
Bete	Cote d'Ivoire
Bihari (official spelling Birhor, Bihor)	India
Bimoba	Ghana
Bosnian (also known as Serbo-Croatian)	Yugoslavia
Brahui	Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Bangladesh
Breton	France
Bribri	Costa Rica
Bulgarian	Bulgaria
Buli	Ghana
Bulu	Cameron
Burmese	Burma (now known as the Union of Myanmar)
Cabecar	Costa Rica
Cakchiquel	Guatemala
Cambodian (aka Khmer)	Cambodia
Carib	Suriname
Cebuano	Phillippines
Cham	Cambodia
Chamorro	Guam, Northern Mariana Islands
Chichewa	Malawi
Chinanteco	Mexico
Chinese (Mandarin or Cantonese)	China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Thailand
Ch'ol	Mexico
Chorti	Guatemala
Chuj	Guatemala
Chumburung	Ghana
Crioulo	Guinea-Bissau
Croatian	Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Crow	Native American (USA)
Cubulco	Guatemala
Czech	Czech Republic
Dagbani (aka Dagomba)	Ghana
Dangme	Ghana
Danish	Denmark
Dari (called Farsi in Iran)	Afghanistan
Deg	Ghana
Dutch	Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles
Edo	Nigeria
Efik	Nigeria
English	Australia, Canada, Great Britan, USA, and others
Esperanto	France
Estonian	Estonia
Ethiopian (aka Amharic)	Ethiopia
Ewe	Ghana, Togo
Farsi (called Dari in Afghanistan)	Iran
Filipino (also known as Tagalog)	Philippines
Finnish	Finland
Flemish	Belgium
French	France, Luxembourg, Belgium, Switzerland, Canada, Haiti, and French dependencies. It is also spoken in many African and Asian nations.
Fulfulde	Cameroon, Chad, Benin, Niger
Fulani	Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, Gambia, Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Cameroon
Ga	Ghana
Gaelic (also known as Irish)	Ireland
Galla	Ethiopia, Kenya
Garifuna	Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicarauga
Georgian	Georgia
German	Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, Switzerland
Gikuyu	Kenya
Gothic	Urkaine, Germany
Grebo	Liberia
Greek	Greece, Cyprus
Guambiano	Columbia
Guarani	Bolivia, Paraguay
Gujarati	India
Gullah (also known as Sea Islands Creole English)	USA
Gun-Alada	Benin
Gwi	Botswana
Haitian Creole	Haiti
Hausa	Nigeria, Niger, Ghana, Cameroon, Togo, Dahomey
Hawaiian	USA
Hebrew	Israel
Hiligaynon	Philippines
Hindi	India
Hmong	China, Southeast Asia, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, Burma, Kampuchea
Hungarian	Hungary
Ibo	Nigeria
Icelandic	Iceland
Igala	Nigeria
Igbo	Nigeria
Ilocano	Philippines
Indonesian (aka Bahasa Indonesian)	Indonesia
Inupiaq	Native American (USA)
Irish Gaelic	Ireland
Italian	Italy, Switzerland
Jacalteco	Guatemala
Jamaican Creole English	Jamaica
Jamaican Patwa	Jamaica
Japanese	Japan
Javanese	Indonesia
Jju	Nigeria
Johkha	Bhutan
Kabiye	Togo
Kabyle	Algeria
Kafiri	India
Kalenjin	Kenya
Kamba	Kenya
Kanjobal	Guatemala
Kannada (aka Kanarese)	India
Kanuri	Nigeria
Kaqchikel	Guatemala
Karen	Burma
Kasem	Ghana
Kashmiri	India, Pakistan
Kazakh	Kazakhstan
K'ekchi'	Guatemala
Khmer (aka Cambodian)	Cambodia (aka Kampuchea)
Khowan	India
Kikuya	Kenya
Kinyarwanda	Rwanda
Kire	Papua New Guinea
Kisi	Liberia
Kirghiz	Kyrgyzstan
Konkomba	Ghana
Korean	Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North), Republic of Korea (South)
Krio	Sierra Leone
Kuna	Panama
Kurdish	Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Syria
Kirghiz	Kyrgyzstan
Lakota	Native American (USA)
Lambadi	India
Lao	Laos
Latin	Vatican State
Latvian	Latvia
Limbum	Cameroon
Lingala	Democratic Republic of Congo
Lithuanian	Lithuania
Lomwe	Mozambique
Luba	Zaire
Luganda	Uganda, Tanzania
Luo	Kenya
Maasai	Kenya and Tanzania
Macedonian	Macedonia
Malagasy	Malagasy Republic
Malay	Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia
Malayalam	India
Malinke	Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, Gambia
Maltese	Malta
Mam	Guatemala
Manx Gaelic	United Kingdom
Maori	New Zealand
Mapudungun	Chili
Marathi	India
Mayan	Mexico
Mazateco	Mexico
Mende	Sierra Leone, Liberia
Mien (aka Iu-Mien)	China, Thailand, and other Asian countries
Miskito	Nicaragua
Mixteco	Mexico
Mohawk	Native American (USA)
Moore (aka Mossi)	Burkina Faso
Munukutuba (aka Kituba)	Congo
Muskogee	Native American (USA)
Nafaanra	Ghana
Nahuatl	Mexico
Navajo	Native American (USA)
Ndebele	Zimbabwe
Nepali	Nepal, India, Bhutan, Sikkim
Ngambay	Chad
Nivacle	Paraguay
Norwegian	Norway
Nuer	Somalia
Nupe	Nigeria
Nyanja (aka Chinyanja)	Zambia
Nzema	Ghana
Oneida	Native American (USA)
O'Othham (also known as Papago-Pima)	Native American (USA)
Orija	India
Ossetian	Georgia
Paiute	Native American (USA)
Palenque (aka Palenquero)	Colombia
Pampa (aka Puelche)	Argentina
Pangasinan	Philippines
Papiamento	Netherlands Antilles
Pashto (aka Pushto)	Afghanistan, Pakistan
Persian	Iran, Afghanistan (called Farsi in Iran; Dari in Afghanistan)
Pidgin Cameroon	Cameroon
Plautdietsch	Mexico
Polish	Poland
Portuguese	Brazil, Portugal, Guinea-Bissau
Potawatomi	Native American (USA)
Punjabi (aka Panjabi)	Pakistan, India
Quechua	Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador
Quiche	Guatemala
Rajasthani	India
Romani	Romani has many dialects, spoken in Europe and Central Asia
Romanian	Romania, Moldava
Romansch	Switzerland
Rundi	Burundi
Russian	Russia, Former Soviet Republics
Sabaot	Kenya
Saint Lucian Creole	Saintn Lucia (Caribbean)
Samoan	Samoa
Sanskrit	India (a literary and classical language spoken by scholars)
Santali	India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan
Saramaccan	Suriname
Saramo (aka Itonama)	Bolivia
Sari	Cameroon (no scripture)
Sarnami Hindustani (aka Caribbean Hindustani)	Suriname
Scottish Gaelic	Scotland
Seneca	Native American (USA)
Sene	Malawi
Serbian	Serbia and Montenegro
Serbo-Croatian	Yugoslavia
Seri	Mexico
Shan	Burma (now known as the Union of Myanmar)
Shona	Zimbabwe
Shina	India, Pakistan
Shluh	Morocco
Sidamo	Ethiopia
Shua Arabic (Arabic,Shua - a variant of Arabic)	Chad (30 percent of the population) Nigeria, Cameroon, Niger (Spoken by less than 1/4 million people in these three countries)
Shuar	Ecuador
Sindhi	India, Pakistan
Sinhalese	Sri Lanka
Sisaala Tumulung	Ghana
Siswati	Swaziland
Slavonic	An ancient language of Russia, used as the liturgical language in some Orthodox and Catholic churches.
Slovak	Slovakia
Slovenian	Slovenia
Somali	Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya
Spanish	An official language of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Spain, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
Sranan Tongo	Suriname
Sukuma	Tanzania
Sundanese	Indonesia
Suriname Javanese	Suriname
Swahili (aka Kiswahili)	Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Zaire
Swazi	Swaziland
Swedish	Sweden
Syriac	An ancient language of Turkey, Iraq, and Syria.
Tajik	Tajikistan
Tagalog	Philippines
Tamazight	Morocco
Tamil	Malaysia, India, Sri Lanka, Singapore
Tatar	Russia
Telugu	India
Thai	Thailand
Tibetan	Tibet Autonomous Region of China
Tigre	Ethiopia
Tigrinya	Ethiopia and Eritrea
Tiwa	Native American (USA)
Tok Pisin	Papua New Guinea
Tsonga	South Africa, Mozambique, Swaziland, Zimbabwe
Tuareg	Burkina Faso
Tumbuka	Malawi
Turkish	Turkey, Cyprus
Turkman (aka Turkoman)	Afghanistan, Turkmenistan
Twi	Ghana
Tzeltal	Mexico
Tzotzil	Mexico
Tzutujil	Guatemala
Uighur	China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,and Uzbekistan.
Ukrainian	Ukraine
Uma	Indonesia (Sulawesi)
Urdu	Pakistan, India
Uspantec	Guatemala
Uzbek	Uzbekistan, Afghanistan
Vagla	Ghana
Vietnamese	Vietnam
Visayak (aka Bisaya)	Brunei
Western Caribbean Creole English	Jamaica
Wolof	Senegal
Xhosa	South Africa
Yiddish	Israel, Poland, Germany, Romania, former Soviet Republics
Yonba	Nigeria
Yoruba	Nigeria, Dahomey
Zapoteco	Mexico
Zulu	South Africa; Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland

* The above list is adapted from information developed by:
The University of the State of New York
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
Office of Bilingual Education
Albany, New York 12234

This list was originally developed as a resource guide for school districts that provide services to pupils whose native language is other than English. It is intended to assist districts in identifying the languages spoken by some limited English proficient students in New York State. It is not an all-inclusive inventory of the nations and/or linguistic systems of the world. Because of the thousands of tribal languages and dialects that are spoken in the world, only those whose speakers number over 250,000 and/or those that were reported by New York State school districts were included in this directory This list is alphabetized by Language. See also the list alphabetized by Country.